LKN Speech Language Pathology
SERVICES
SERVICES
Virtually everyone knows someone who has had a speech or language disorder. In the United States alone, 5% of children have noticeable speech disorders and 8 to 9% have difficulty with speech sounds. Up to 8 million Americans suffer from some form of language impairment, approximately 7.5 million have a voice disorder, and more than 3 million stutter. Fortunately, speech-language disorders usually can be corrected by working with a speech-language pathologist, and it all begins with an evaluation.
LKN Speech-Language Pathology in Davidson specializes in comprehensive services for infants, children, adolescents and adults.
Language Difficulties

Language issues impact how children understand and express spoken language. They may have difficulty processing what others say (receptive), sharing thoughts clearly (expressive), or both. Signs include limited vocabulary, trouble following directions, and difficulty forming sentences.
Receptive Language Issues
- Difficulty understanding or processing language.
- May struggle to follow directions, understand questions, or comprehend stories.
- Example: A child hears the word “dog” but doesn’t know what it means.
Expressive Language Issues
- Difficulty expressing thoughts, needs, or ideas.
- May have limited vocabulary, use incorrect grammar, or speak in short, incomplete sentences.
- Example: A child wants to ask for a toy but can’t find the right words.
Mixed Receptive-Expressive Language Issues
- Trouble both understanding and using language.
- This can significantly impact communication and learning.
Late Talkers
A “late talker” is a toddler (18–30 months) who understands language and interacts like peers but uses fewer words than expected.
Signs to watch for:
- Limited vocabulary or fewer word combinations
- Relies on gestures to communicate
- Understands more than they can express
- Frustration when trying to communicate
We support late talkers by building vocabulary, encouraging word combinations, coaching parents and using play-based strategies to make learning engaging. Early intervention helps these “littles” gain confidence and builds a strong foundation for school and social success.
Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD)
We provide therapy for children with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD). Every child with autism is unique, and our approach focuses on building their strengths while supporting communication, social interaction, and daily life skills.
Gestalt Language Therapy
An approach to speech and language therapy that focuses on how some children naturally develop language. Instead of starting with single words (like “ball” or “milk”) and building up, some children learn in “chunks” or “gestalts”—phrases they’ve heard in whole form, often from caregivers, TV shows, songs, or routines. For example, a child might say “Let’s go!” or “Time for bed!” without breaking those phrases down into smaller parts.
In Gestalt Language Therapy, our certified speech-language pathologists help children:
- Recognize their gestalts (the memorized chunks of language they’re using).
- Break them down into smaller parts (e.g., turning “Let’s go outside” into “go” + “outside”).
- Recombine words flexibly to create original, spontaneous sentences.
- Move toward self-generated, functional language that supports everyday communication.
This approach is especially used with children who are gestalt language processors—a style often seen in autistic children, but not limited to them.
Common Signs and Symptoms
- Limited vocabulary for age
- Trouble putting words together into sentences
- Difficulty following directions or understanding questions
- Problems with reading or writing (in school-age children)
- Frustration when trying to communicate
Communication challenges can affect speech clarity, how the brain processes sounds (CAPD), and the ability to use language in social settings (pragmatic language disorders). These issues can impact relationships, academic success, and overall quality of life.
Speech Disorders
Affect the production of sounds or fluency of speech.
- Articulation – difficulty producing sounds correctly (e.g., “wabbit” for “rabbit”)
- Fluency – disruptions in speech flow (e.g., stuttering, stammering)
- Voice – issues with pitch, volume, or quality of the voice (e.g., hoarseness)
- Speech impairment – such as apraxia (the brain has difficulty planning and coordinating the movements needed for speech), dysarthria (speech disorder resulting from impaired movement of the muscles used for speech due to neurological injury or disease) and phonological disorders (trouble organizing speech sounds into a system of sound patterns (phonology), affecting their ability to be understood).
- Aphasia – acquired language disorder that results from brain damage, typically in the left hemisphere, and impairs a person’s ability to understand or produce language.
Central Auditory Processing Disorders (CAPD)
- Difficulty understanding speech despite normal hearing.
- Affects the brain’s ability to interpret auditory information correctly
Social Communication Disorders (Pragmatic Language Impairments)
- Difficulty using language appropriately in social contexts.
- May involve challenges with:
- Taking turns in conversation
- Understanding figurative language or humor
- Using nonverbal cues (eye contact, gestures)
Impact on Life
- Academic performance
- Employment
- Social relationships
- Emotional well-being
Myofunctional Therapy (Orofacial Myology)

Myofunctional therapy, also known as orofacial myology, is a targeted exercise-based treatment that strengthens and retrains the muscles of the tongue, lips, cheeks, and jaw. These muscles are essential for correct breathing, swallowing, chewing, and speech production.
At our speech therapy clinic, we provide customized myofunctional therapy programs for children, teens, and adults. We address the root causes of oral muscle dysfunction to help:
- Identify potential barriers to treatment, which may include airway patency issues, structural anomalies, or lingual/labial restrictions (aka tongue or lip ties)
- Oral rest posture (what the oral structures such as the tongue and lips are doing at rest/during non-speech activities)
- Low forward tongue resting posture
- Interdental lisping on “s” and “z” sounds
- Persistent articulation errors on other lingual-palatal sounds, like “l”, “sh,”ch,” “j,” or even “r” in which traditional articulation therapy has not been able to remediate or correct
- Mouth breathing
- Oral habits like thumb-sucking or prolonged pacifier use
- Eating (improving mastication and bolus control of various textures) and swallowing (dysphagia)
- Support for sleep-disordered breathing and mild obstructive sleep apnea
How Myofunctional Therapy Works
We use gentle, proven exercises to retrain the oral and facial muscles, encouraging correct tongue placement, nasal breathing, and proper swallowing patterns. This non-invasive approach can significantly improve speech clarity, breathing efficiency, and overall oral, mental, and physical health.
Benefits of Myofunctional Therapy
- Enhanced speech articulation and pronunciation
- Reduced mouth breathing and improved nasal breathing
- Better swallowing patterns and digestion support
- Healthier jaw development in children
- Long-term improvement in oral muscle coordination
Feeding / Swallowing Issues

Feeding and swallowing issues affect the ability to eat safely and efficiently. In children, signs include texture refusal, choking, or poor growth. Adults may experience pain, coughing, or food sticking in the throat, often leading to respiratory issues.
- Feeding: Difficulty with the process of eating, which may include problems with food selection, chewing, or accepting different food textures.
- Swallowing (Dysphagia): A disruption in the normal swallowing process, which may occur in the mouth, throat (pharynx), or esophagus.
Signs and Symptoms In Infants and Children:
- Refusal to eat or difficulty accepting certain textures
- Arching or stiffening during feeding
- Gagging, choking, or coughing during meals
- Poor weight gain or growth
- Extended feeding times (>30 minutes)
- Frequent respiratory infections (due to aspiration)
Signs and Symptoms In Adults:
- Coughing or choking while eating or drinking
- Feeling of food “sticking” in the throat
- Pain while swallowing
- Unexplained weight loss
- Wet or gurgly voice after eating
- Recurrent pneumonia or respiratory infections
Reading Comprehension and Written Language Disorders

A reading comprehension disorder is a type of learning disability in which an individual has difficulty understanding and interpreting written text, despite having normal intelligence and often adequate word reading skills. It affects the ability to make meaning from what is read. These challenges go beyond just reading the words—they involve understanding vocabulary, recalling details, identifying main ideas, making inferences, and integrating information.
Specific Reading Comprehension Deficit (SCD)
- Decoding is strong, but comprehension is weak.
- Often linked to weak oral language skills or vocabulary deficits.
Mixed Reading Disorder (Dyslexia + Comprehension issues)
- Both decoding and comprehension are impaired.
- Often seen in students with broader language or learning difficulties.
Causes and Contributing Factors
- Language delays or language disorders
- Limited vocabulary exposure
- Working memory or attention difficulties
- Weak background knowledge or reasoning skills
- Autism spectrum disorder
- ADHD or other executive function challenges
Written Language Disorder
A written language disorder is a type of learning disability in which an individual has difficulty communicating effectively through writing. This may include difficulty with encoding (translating thoughts into written words), spelling, grammar, sentence structure, organization, and expressing ideas clearly. A child or adult may read well but still struggle to produce coherent written work.
Common signs:
- Frequent spelling, punctuation, or grammar errors
- Difficulty organizing ideas into sentences and paragraphs
- Limited vocabulary in writing compared to speaking
- Trouble following the structure of assignments
- Avoidance of writing tasks due to frustration
Causes and contributing factors:
- Language delays or language disorders
- Weak oral language or vocabulary skills
- Reading comprehension difficulties
- Working memory or attention challenges
- Dyslexia or other learning disabilities
- Autism Spectrum Disorder or ADHD
Executive Function/Cognitive Therapy/Attention Deficit Disorder (ADD/ADHD)

Executive Function Support
We specialize in working with teens who struggle with executive functioning, including organization, planning, goal setting, and social communication. In addition to individualized therapy, we offer group programs designed to build practical, real-world skills such as interview preparation, college and career planning, and teamwork. Our approach empowers teens to develop confidence, resilience, and the tools they need for long-term success.
Parent Coaching
In addition to direct therapy, we provide coaching for parents to help them support and reinforce executive function skills in the home environment. We guide families in strategies for improving organization, planning, time management, problem solving, and self-regulation, so that progress made in therapy carries over into daily routines. This collaborative approach empowers parents to actively foster their child’s independence and success beyond the therapy setting.
Cognitive Therapy
We provide evidence-based cognitive therapy for individuals experiencing deficits related to traumatic brain injury (TBI), post-concussive syndrome, and other neurologic disorders. Our treatment focuses on strengthening core cognitive skills, including:
- Attention
- Memory
- Insight
- Judgment
- Organization
- Orientation
- Language
- Processing speed
- Problem solving
- Reasoning
- Executive function
- Metacognition
Attention Deficit Disorders (ADD/ADHD)
We support children and adults with Attention Deficit Disorders (ADD/ADHD) by addressing the communication challenges that can come with difficulties in focus, organization, and self-regulation. Therapy may include strategies to improve listening skills, following directions, organizing thoughts before speaking or writing, and using memory supports.








